ceiling(a)
Round up to decimal places

runif(n,min,max)
Generate uniformly distributed random numbers

set.seed(seed)
Generate random numbers with a fixed pattern

barplot(height,names.arg)
Create a bar chart

curve(func,from,to)
Draw a function curve

dnorm(x,mean,sd)
Probability density function of normal distribution

rnorm(n,mean,sd)
Generate normally distributed random numbers

numeric(length)
Reserve a place to store the number

x <− a:b
Create continuous data

for(i in data){process}
Repeat the process